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April 17, 1934. w, O CARVER 1,955,486

FLUID PRES SURE MOTOR Filed Dec. 8, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 II [Ill April 17, 1934. w O CARVER 1,955,486

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Dec. 8, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (7? i 3 F 0 Z: v

M E 2 35 25 f3 0 2 f 1 57 36 4 at? I 43 2/ 4 W 0. Carl/1.

April 17, 1934. w. Q CARVER 1,955,486

FLUID PRE SSURE MOTOR Filed Dec. 8, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 awe/whom Patented Apr. 1?, i934 siren 3 Claims.

This invention relates to a motor adapted to be operated by compressed air, steam, or oth r suitable One object is to provide a novel construction having an annular stator and a rotor disposed substantially within the same so that a compact and eiil ient construction will result.

It is also aimed to provide a novel structure wherein the pistons travel in an annular path and coact with abutments which are movable in proper sequence to enable the pistons to pass through the same.

The more specific objects and advantages will in part be pointed out and otherwise become apparent from a consideration of the description following taken in connection with accompanying drawings illustrating one operative embodiment.

In said drawings:

Figure l is a front elevation of the motor, parts of the fluid-inlet valve devices being shown in section to disclose details,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figur 3 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken through the motor substantially on the plane of line 4 of Figure 2,

Figure 5 a detail sectional view taken on the line 55 of Figure 1,

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view illustrating one of the abutments in position with a piston passing therethrough, and

Figure 7 is a View of the same part as Figure 6 but showing free passage of the piston through such abutment and subsequent movement of the abutment.

Referring specifically to the drawings wherein like reference characters designate like or similar parts throughout the different views, 10 designates an annular casing or stator mounted in any suitable manner and preferably consisting of two main sections separable on the plane of line 4-4 or Figure 2, and bolted or otherwise detachably connected together as at 11.

A coacting rotor or fly wheel 12 is disposed substantially within the space and closed by the stator and is keyed to the main shaft 13. Located within the hollow space of the stator, which is endless and preferably rectangular in cross section as shown at 14 are a plurality of similarly shaped pistons 15, the same being equidistantly spaced apart and of any desired number. Said pistons have attaching shanks 1'? which are rigidly connected as at 1'1 to the rotor 12 so as to be rigid with and rotate with the rotor.

Said shanks 17 extend through the space 18 between the inner portions or the sections of stator 10 and which are filled with intimately fitting and air tight rings 19, the rings 19 being separable from each other and from the stator, and rotatable about the axis of shaft 13 since the shanks 17 extend through recesses provided in the 'ings, the or" the rings about such stems being tight and causing the rings to move with the pistons and rotor. Such rings are maintained in place through the interfitting of ribs 20 thereon and grooves 21 in the sections of the stator. Also such rings may be made of metal or any other desired material.

Said pistons 15 coact with abutments 22 and operating fluid such as compressed air, steam or the like, is adapted to be admitted into the chamber 14 between each abutment and piston, through ports 23 in the stat r 10. Such admission, for example, being through angle couplings 24 under control of normally closed ball valves 5, all of the couplings 24 preferably being in communication with a common source or" fluid supply, such as a tank A, through the medium of pipes 28, and the pressure from which normally urges and maintains said balls seated.

It is understood that the fuel supply means consisting of a tank A and pipes 26, as shown, is conventional, and that any other means for supplying :fuel to the angle couplings 24 may be substituted.

The rotor moves in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 4 and in order that the pistons 9'0 15 may pass the a-butinents tie desired tirn such abutments have rectangular passages 2'7 therethrough through which the pistons may pass. Accordingly it is necessary to move the abutments 22 from operative position as best shown in Figure 1 and by the two lowermost abutments in Figure 4 to the position for passage of the pistons therethrough as best shown in Figure 6 and by the uppermost abutments 22 in Figure 4.

Specifically said abutments 22 generally tapered and accurately fitted in tapered recesses 28 provided in the sections or" the stator 10, and such abutments are urged into engagement with 5 their seats and so as to frictionally engage such seats when not positively turned, by means of expansive springs 29 interposed between the same and caps 30 screw-threaded as at 31 to flanges 32 on the stator sections. At their inner ends, 1310 the abutments are provided with gear teeth 33, such end having a narrow diametric slot 34 therethrough permitting passage of the shanks 17 through the same and not interfering with the gearing.

Fastened as at 35 to the fly wheel or rotor is a mutilated or interrupted ring gear 36, the same having an annular flange 37 traveling in an annular groove 3'7 of one of the sections of stator 10 and provided at intervals with gear teeth 38 and 39, each group 38 and 39 being adapted to successively engage the gear teeth 33, such groups 38 and 39 being spaced apart so that the abutments are rotated through an arc of 90 degrees by engagement of each group with the teeth 33. The teeth 38 will turnthe abutments 90 degrees to the position of Figure 6, permit the same to remain in that position while a piston 15 is passing through the opening and thereafter move the same 90 degrees further in the same direction to the position of Figure 7.

Movable with the rotor is a cam structure 40 which may be bolted thereto as at 40. The cam 40 has lobes or projections 41 thereon which actuate rods 42 to unseat the valves 25 so that operating fluid may be admitted. Such rods 42 are slidably disposed in the fittings 24 and in guide brackets 43 attached to the stator. The lower ends of the rods 42 are preferably provided with rollers 44 to be directly engaged by the lobes 41. Expansive springs 45 surround the rods, abutting the brackets 43 at one end and a pin 46 at the other end.

The exhaust of the spent power fluid from the stator takes place through ports 47 under suitable valve control.

It is obvious that gaskets will be used where desired in order to maintain tight and sealed joints between the various parts.

In the operation of the motor, when the abutments and pistons are in the position with the piston and abutment to the left in Figure 4, one of the lobes 41 operates rod 42 to unseat the appropriate ball 25, thereby permitting the entrance of the power fluid between such abutment and piston, the valve instantly closing, the pressure of the fluid moves said piston and accordingly the rotor in the direction of the arrow and the fluid having spent its energy exhausts through the adjacent port 47 to the atmosphere. The abutment in. advance of such piston is thereupon engaged at the teeth 33 by the teeth 28 of the gear ring, rotating such abutment 90 degrees and arranging it as shown at the top of Figure 4 so that the piston may pass therethrough. After passage of such piston therethrough, the teeth 39 of the ring gear engage the same teeth 33 and rotate the abutment in the same direction 90 degrees and thus restoring it to operative position. The operation of the various pistons and abutments in the manner described is successive so as to drive the rotor from which the power is taken through the shaft 13 or the like.

Various changes may be resorted to provided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:-

1. A fluid pressure motor having a stator provided with an annular chamber, a rotor having pistons movable through said chamber, abutments in said chamber coacting with the pistons, means to admit power fluid into the chamber between the pistons and abutments, said abutments having passages permitting the pistons to pass therethrough, and means movable with the rotor to move the abutments into position wherein said passages aline with the pistons and then restore the abutments to normal position comprising a mutilated ring gear carried by the rotor and gear teeth on the abutments adapted to mesh with the gear teeth of said mutilated ring gear.

2. A fluid pressure motor having a stator provided with an annular chamber, a rotor having pistons movable through said chamber, abutments in said chamber coacting with the pistons, means to admit power fluid into the chamber between the pistons and abutments, said abutments having passages permitting the pistons to pass therethrough, and means movable with the rotor to move the abutments into position wherein said passages aline with the pistons and then restore the abutments to normal position comprising a mutilated ring gear carried by the rotor and gear teeth on the abutments adapted to mesh with the gear teeth of said mutilated ring gear, ring means sealing a portion of said annular chamber and through which portions of said pistons pass, the latter portions causing the ring means to travel with the rotor.

3. A fluid pressure motor having a stator provided with an annular chamber, a rotor having pistons movable through said chamber, abutments in said chamber coacting with the pistons, means to admit power fluid into the chamber between the pistons and abutments, said abutments having passages permitting the pistons to pass therethrough, and means movable with the rotor to move the abutments into position wherein said passages aline with the pistons and then restore the abutments to normal position comprising a mutilated ring gear carried by the rotor and gear teeth on the abutments adapted to mesh with the gear teeth of said mutilated ring gear, ring means sealing a portion of said annular chamber and through which portions of said pistons pass, the latter portions causing the ring means to travel with the rotor, said ring means having an interfltting connection with the stator, cam means movable with the rotor, valves to control the admission of the power fluid, and means to operate said valves under control of said cam means.

WILLIAM O. CARVER. 

